Speech in LOTR

[ladyarwen]

FOTR



GALADRIEL: I amar prestar aen, han mathon ne nen, han mathon ne chae a han noston ned 'wilith.

GALADRIEL: 'The world is changed; I can feel it in the water, I can feel it in the earth, I can smell it in the air.'

I amar n. 'the world'.
prestar aen v. pass. 'is changed'; cf. presta- 'affect, trouble' (LR 380). David Salo explains it as aen 'they' and prestar '[they] change' in Elfling message no. 16323.
han pron. 'it'.
mathon v. pres. 'I feel'; cf. matha- 'feel, stroke, handle' (LR 371).
ne, ned prep. 'in, of'.
nen n. 'water'.
cae, mut. chae n. 'earth'.
a conj. 'and'.
noston v. 'I smell'; *nosta- 'smell'; cf. stem NUS-; Q nusta- 'smell'. In the official recording ennorously (?) nostron, from **nostra-?
'wilith n. 'air as a region'; usually ned 'in' triggers a stop mutation; if so it should be *ne gwilith 'in the air'. However David Salo writes: "I would not expect on historical grounds for *w to behave exactly like *g; since *w > gw is an instance of 'fortition' (change of approximant to stop) and *g > zero is the opposite, lenition. If we started with, say, *ed+wilith (or *wilitthe), then - assuming that the two words remain in contact throughout their development, then the fortition never gets a chance to take place. You would have e wilith instead of *ed wilith if the loss of the final consonant occurred, generally, before any other consonant" (David Salo, Elfling message from Jan 16, 2002).


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2. Elrond's Battle Cry. [The Fellowship of the Ring]
Elrond's words to his army during the battle of the Last Alliance. Though the second part of this battle cry is hado i philinn in the movie script, it seems that Hugo Weaving (Elrond) cries leithio i philinn (as David Salo wrote in his letter to me. R.D.).


ELROND: Tangado haid! Leithio i philinn!

ELROND: 'Hold [your] positions! Fire the arrows!' [no subtitles]

tangado v. imper. 'make firm, establish!'; *tangada- 'to make firm' (LR 389).
haid n. 'places, spots'; lenited form of said, pl. of sad 'place, spot' (UT 425).
leithio v. imper. 'release!'; cf. Leithia- 'set free, release' (LR 368).
i philinn n. 'the arrows'; nasal mutation of pilinn, sg. pilinn; cf. Q pilin 'arrow'.

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ARWEN: Frodo, im Arwen. Telin le thaed.
Lasto beth nîn, tolo dan nan galad.

ARWEN: 'I am Arwen - I've come to help you. Hear my voice... Come back to the light.'
[lit. 'Frodo, I [am] Arwen. I come to help you. Listen to my word, come back to [the] light.']

im pron. 'I'.
telin v. 'I come; I have come'; cf. tol- 'come'.
le pron. 'you'.
thaed inf. 'to help'; derivative of *STA- 'help'.
lasto v. imp. 'listen'.
beth n. 'word; *voice';lenitedform of peth.
nîn pron. 'my'.
tolo v. imp. 'come'.
dan adv. 'back'.
nan adv. 'to the'; it is derived from na 'to, towards' + i(n) 'the'
galad n. 'light'; lenited form of calad 'light'.
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4. Before the Bruinen Raid I. [The Fellowship of the Ring]
Arwen and Aragorn talk before the Bruinen Raid.

ARAGORN: Dartho guin Beriain. Rych le ad tolthathon.
ARWEN: Hon mabathon. Rochon ellint im.
ARAGORN: Andelu i ven.
...
ARWEN: Frodo fîr. Ae athradon i hîr, tûr gwaith nîn beriatha hon.
ARAGORN: Be iest lîn.

ARAGORN: 'Stay with the Hobbits - I will send horses for you.'
ARWEN: 'I'm the faster rider - I'll take him.' [lit. 'I will take him. I am the swifter rider.'
ARWEN: 'The road is too dangerous' [lit. 'The road [is] very dangerous.'
...
ARWEN: 'If I can get accross the river the power of my people will protect him.' [lit. 'Frodo dies. If I get across the river, [the] power of my people will protect him.'
ARAGORN: 'According to your wish' [no subtitle given]

dartho v. imper. 'wait; stay'; cf. dartha- 'wait, stay, last, endure' (LR 353).
guin prep. 'with the'; *go, gwa- 'together with' + in 'the (pl.)'.
Beriain n. 'Hobbits', lenited form of Periain, pl. of Perian.
rych n. 'horses', plural of roch 'horse'.
le pron. 'you'.
ad tolthathon v. fut. 'I will send'; cf. ad adv. 'again' + toltha- 'fetch, summon, make come'.
hon pron. 'he; him'
mabathon v. fut. 'I will take'; *mab- 'seize, take away by force, *take'; MAP- 'grasp' (LR 371)
rochon n. 'rider'
ellint adj. 'swifter'; an- + lint 'swift' (UT 318)
im pron. 'I'
andelu adj. 'more dangerous'; an- + delu 'hateful, fell; *dangerous'.
i ven n. 'the road'; lenited form of men 'way, road'.
Frodo n. 'Frodo'; shouldn't it be rather Iorhael in Sindarin?
fîr v. pres. 'dies'; cf. *fir- 'die', PHIR- 'exhale, expire, breath out' (LR 381)
ae conj. 'if'; reconstructed after Q ai-quen 'if anybody, whoever' (WJ:372).
athradon v. pres. 'I cross'; cf. athrada- 'cross, traverse' (LR 383).
i hîr n. 'the river'; lenited form of sîr 'river'.
tûr n. '*power; mastery, victory'.
gwaith n. 'people'.
nîn pron. 'my'.
beriatha v. fut. '[it] will protect'; cf. beria- 'protect' (LR 351).
hon pron. 'he; him'
be adv. 'according to the'. [in the movie script erroneously beyest]
iest n. 'wish'. [in the movie script erroneously beyest]
lîn pron. 'your'.
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5. Before the Bruinen Raid II [not included in the film]

ARWEN TO ARAGORN: Ingon i athrad dammen beriathar aen.

ARWEN TO ARAGORN: 'I guess the ford will be held against us'

ingon 1st pers. pres. 'I guess; perhaps'; *ing- 'guess, suppose'; IÑK- 'guess' (LR 361).
i athrad n. 'the ford'.
dammen adv. 'against us'; dan 'against' + men 'we; us'.
beriathar aen v. fut. passive 'will be guarded, will be held'; beria- 'protect'.



6. Bruinen Raid. [The Fellowship of the Ring]
Arwen to her horse, Asfaloth. Author of the phrase is J.R.R. Tolkien (cf. The Fellowship of the Ring book).


ARWEN: Noro lim, Asfaloth, noro lim!
...
ARWEN: Noro lim!

ARWEN: 'Ride fast, Asfaloth, ride fast!' [no subtitles given]
...
ARWEN: 'Ride fast!' [no subtitles given]

noro v. imper. 'ride'; cf. *nor- 'ride'.
lim adv. '*fast'.

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7. Bruinen Spell. [The Fellowship of the Ring]

First revealed on The LOTR website. The 'Bruinen Spell' against the Ringwraiths. First analyzed by Måns Björkman.

Nîn o Chithaeglir
lasto beth daer;
Rimmo nîn Bruinen
dan in Ulaer!

'Waters of the Misty Mountains
listen to the great word;
flow waters of Loudwater
against the Ringwraiths!' [no subtitles given]

nîn n. pl. 'waters'; pl. Of nên er
o Chithaeglir n. 'from Misty Mountains'; stop mutation of Hthaeglir./b]
lasto v. imp. 'listen'
beth n. 'word'; lenited form of peth.
daer adj. 'great'
rimmo v. imp. 'flow'; *rimma low like a torrent'; RIP rush, fly' (LR 384)
Bruinen n. 'Loudwater'
dan adv. 'against'
in Ulaer n. 'the Ringwraiths'
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9. Elrond Near Gilraen's Grave. [The Fellowship of the Ring]
Aragorn visits his mother's grave. Elrond tells to him in Sindarin.

ELROND: Anirne hene beriad i chên lîn.
Ned Imladris nauthant e le beriathar aen.

ELROND:Se wanted to protect her child.
She thought in Rivendell you would be safe.'

anirne v. pret. '[she] wanted'; cf. nírawants'.
hene pron. 'she'.
beriad gerund 'to protect'; cf. beriaect' (LR 351).
i chên n. 'the child'; lenited form of hên'.
lîn prep. 'her'.
ned prep. 'in'.
nauthant v. pret. '[she] thought'; cf. nauthae; *think' (LR 378).
e pron. 'he/she'.
le pron. 'you'.
beriathar aen v. fut. passive 'will be guarded, will be held'; beriaect'.

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10. Aragorn and Arwen in Imladris. [The Fellowship of the Ring]
Romantic scene in Rivendell; in the background you can hear the soundtrack Aniron


ARWEN: A si i-Dhúath ú-orthor, Aragorn.
ARWEN: Ú or le a ú or nin.
...
ARWEN: Renich i lú i erui govannem?
ARAGORN: Nauthannen i ned ôl reniannen.
ARWEN: Gwenwin in enninath...
ARWEN: Ú-'arnech in naeth i si celich.
ARWEN: Renich i beth i pennen?

ARWEN: 'The Shadow does not hold sway yet' [Lit. 'Till now the Shadow not masters, Aragorn.']
ARWEN: 'Not over you and not over me.'
...
ARWEN: 'Do you remember the time when we first met?'
ARAGORN: 'I thought I had strayed into a dream'
ARWEN: 'Long years have passed...'
ARWEN: 'You did not have the cares you carry now.'
ARWEN: 'Do you remember the word I told you?'

a si adv. 'as yet' = 'up to the present time'; cf. anb] towards' + si
i-Dhúath n. 'the Shadow'; lenited form of dúathdarkness, shadow'.
ú-orthor v. pres. '[it] doesn't conquer'; cf. orthor- 'master, conquer' (LR 395).
ú adv. 'not'.
or prep. 'above, over'.
le pron. 'you'.
a conj. 'and'
nin pron. 'me'
renich v. pres. 'you remember'; *ren- 'remember'; REN- 'recall, have in mind'.
i lú n. 'the time'; cf. lû 'time, occasion'.
i pron. & conj. 'that; here: when'.
erui adj. & adv. 'first'
govannem v. pret. 'we met'; cf. *govad- 'meet'.
nauthannen v. pret. 'I thought'; cf. nautha- 'conceive; *think' (LR 378).
ned prep. 'in'.
ôl n. 'dream'.
reniannen v. 'I strayed'; cf. renia- 'stray' (LR 383)
gwenwin v. pret. '[they] passed'; cf. gwanna- 'to depart, to die' (LR 397).
in enninath n. 'the long year'; cf. *annin 'long year'.
ú-'arnech v. pret. 'you didn't have'; lenited form of garnech; cf. gar- 'hold, have, possess' [in the movie script erroneously ú-arnech].
in naeth n. 'the woes; *the cares'.
si adv. 'now'.
celich v. pres. 'you carry'; *col- 'carry'; *KOL- 'bear, carry'.
i beth n. 'the word'; lenited form of peth 'word'.
pennen v. pret. 'I told'; cf. ped- 'say, speak'; KWET-.

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11. Council of Elrond. [The Fellowship of the Ring]
Words of Aragorn to Legolas.


ARAGORN: Havo dad, Legolas.


ARAGORN: 'Sit down, Legolas'

havo dad v. imper. 'sit down'; cf. *hav- 'sit'; KHAM- (LR 363); dad adv. 'down, downwards'.


12. Caradhras Spell. [The Fellowship of the Ring]

First seen in the LOTR 2002 Daily Calendar. Gandalf at Redhorn

GANDALF: Losto Caradhras, sedho, hodo, nuitho i 'ruith!

GANDALF: 'Sleep Caradhras, be still, lie still, hold [your] wrath' [no subtitles given]

losto v. imp. 'sleep'; *losta- 'sleep', (O)L-OS- 'sleep' (UT 396).
Caradhras n. 'Redhorn'; from caran 'red' + rass 'horn'.
sedho v. imp. 'be still'; *sedh- 'be quiet, be still'; SED- 'rest, peace'.
hodo v. imp. 'lie still'; *hoda- 'rest, lie at ease'; KHAW- (LR 363-4).
nuitho v. imp. 'hold, not allow to continue'; nuitha- 'to stunt' (WJ 413).
i 'ruith n. 'the wrath'; *gruith 'wrath'; G-RUK- 'terror'.

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13. Moria Gate Spell. [The Fellowship of the Ring]

Gandalf's spell in Sindarin composed by J.R.R. Tolkien (cf. The Fellowship of the Ring book).



GANDALF: Annon Edhellen edro hi ammen.
GANDALF:* Fennas Nogothrim lasto beth lammen.

GANDALF: 'Gate of the Elves open now for me'
GANDALF: 'Doorway of the Dwarf-folk listen to the word of my tongue.' [no subtitles given]

*only in FotR DVD extended version

annon n. 'great door or gate'.
edhellen adj. 'Elvish'.
edro v. imper. 'open'; cf. edra- 'open'.
hi adv. 'now'; lenited form of si.
ammen pron. 'for us'.
fennas n. 'great door or gate'.
nogothrim n. '[of] Dwarves'.
lasto v. imper. 'listen'.
beth n. 'word'; lenited form of peth.
lammen n. 'tongue-my'.

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14. Lórien Dialog I [FotR DVD extended version]
Fragment of the movie script first revealed by Tolkien-Movies website. It is welcome in Lórien described in chapter Lothlórien in the Fellowship of the Ring book: cf. "Then he [Haldir] shut off the light again, and spoke words of welcome in his elven-tongue".

HALDIR: Mae govannen, Legolas Thranduilion.
LEGOLAS: Govannas vîn gwennen le, Haldir o Lórien.
HALDIR: A Aragorn in Dúnedain istannen le ammen.
ARAGORN: Haldir.

HALDIR: 'Welcome Legolas, son of Thranduil.'
LEGOLAS: 'Our Fellowship stands in your debt, Haldir of Lórien' (lit. [is] obliged)
HALDIR: 'Aragorn of Dúnedain, you are known to us.' [lit. 'Oh Aragorn of the Dúnedain, you [are] known to us'.]
ARAGORN: 'Haldir'. [no subtitle given]

mae govannen 'welcome; lit. well-met'
Legolas Thranduilion 'Legolas Thranduilson'; cf. S -ion 'son'
govannas n. 'fellowship'; < CE *wobandasse; BAD- 'bind' (LR 350).
vîn pron. 'our'; cf. VT #44, Sindarin Ae Adar nín.
gwennen pp. '[is] obliged'; cf. *gwedh- 'bind' (LR 397).
le pron. 'you'.
Haldir o Lórien 'Haldir of Lórien'.
A Aragorn n. 'Ah Aragorn'.
in Dúnedain n. 'of the West Men'.
istannen pp. 'known'.
le pron. 'you'.
ammen pron. 'to us'.

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15. Lórien Dialog II. [only in the FotR cinema version]
This scene differs from the DVD extended version.



ARAGORN: Haldir o Lórien.
ARAGORN: Henio, aníron, boe ammen i dulu lîn.
ARAGORN: Boe ammen veriad lîn.

ARAGORN: 'Haldir from Lórien.'
ARAGORN: 'Understand, I wish [i.e. please, understand!], we need you support [lit. it is necessary to us your help].'
ARAGORN: 'We need your protection' [Lit. 'it is needed to us your protection']

Haldir o Lórien n. 'Haldir of Lórien'
henio, v. imperative. 'understand!'; cf. henia- 'understand'.
anírion v. pres. 'I want'; cf. aníra- 'desire'.
boe v. pres. impersonal 'it is necessary (to), one needs (to)': David Salo's reconstruction based on the Noldorin bui (see Etymologies and Elfling message).
ammen pron. 'to us'.
i dulu n. 'the support'; lenited form of tulu 'support, prop' (LR 395).
lîn pron. 'your'.
veriad n. 'protection'; lenited form of *beriad 'protect' (LR 351).

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[ladyarwen]

16. Lórien Dialog III. [FotR DVD extended version]
Dialog between Aragorn and Haldir, which is not translated in the movie. It can be understood only partially.


...
ARAGORN: Boe ammen veriad lîn.
ARAGORN: Andelu i ven.
...
ARAGORN: Merin le telim.
ARAGORN: Henio, aníron boe ammen i dulu lîn.
...
ARAGORN: Andelu i ven.
...
...
ARAGORN: 'We need your protection' [Lit. 'it is needed to us your protection'].
ARAGORN: 'The road [is] very dangerous.'
...
ARAGORN: 'I wish we come to you'. [this phrase is very obscure]
ARAGORN: 'Understand, I wish [i.e. please, understand!], we need you support [lit. it is necessary to us your help].'
...
ARAGORN:'The road [is] very dangerous.'
...

boe v. pres. impersonal 'it is necessary (to), one needs (to)': David Salo's reconstruction based on the Noldorin bui (see Etymologies and Elfling message).
ammen pron. 'to us'.
veriad n. 'protection'; lenited form of *beriad 'protect' (LR 351).
lîn pron. 'your'.
andelu adj. 'more dangerous'; an- + delu 'hateful, fell; *dangerous'.
i ven n. 'the road'; lenited form of men 'way, road'.
merin adj. 'I wish'; cf. Q merin 'I wish'.
le pron. 'you'.
telim n. 'we come'; cf. tol- 'come'; telin 'I come'.
henio, v. imperative. 'understand!'; cf. henia- 'understand'.
anírion v. pres. 'I want'; cf. aníra- 'desire'.
i dulu n. 'the support'; lenited form of tulu 'support, prop' (LR 395).

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17. Celeborn's Warning [FotR DVD extended version]

Words of Celeborn to Aragorn in the scene of the farewell in Lórien.

Celeborn: Le aphadar aen.



Celeborn: 'You are being followed'



le pron. 'you'.

aphadar aen v. pres. passive 'is/are [being] followed'.

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18. Galadriel's Farewell [The Fellowship of the Ring]

Last words of Galadriel to Aragorn during the farewell in Lórien. Blue text is the reconstruction of the Sindarin text made by Elhath and Ryszard Derdzinski. It should be verified by David Salo, so I ask for his explanation.

[Sindarin text is still incomplete. I would love to hear your opinions about these sentences. R.D.]

GALADRIEL: Am meleth dîn. I ant e guil Arwen Undómiel pígatha.
ARAGORN: Aníron i e broniatha, ad ae periatham athar i methid en-amar hen. Aníron i e círatha na Valannor.
...
GALADRIEL: Namárië
GALADRIEL: Nadath nâ i moe cerich. Dan, ú-'eveditham, Elessar.

GALADRIEL: 'For her love. I fear the grace of Arwen Evenstar will diminish.' [lit. 'The gift of life of Arwen will dwindle']
ARAGORN: 'I would have her leave these shores and be with her people. I would have her take the ship to Valinor.' [lit. 'I wish that she endures, even if we separate beyond the limits of this world. I wish that she sails to Valinor']
...
GALADRIEL: 'There is much you have yet to do. We shall not meet again, Elessar.'


am prep. 'to, towards, for'; an before initial m- becomes am.
meleth n. 'love'.
dîn pron. 'your'.
i definite article 'the'.
ant n. 'gift'.
e guil n. 'of life'; guil is a lenited form of cuil 'life' (LR 366).
pígatha v. fut. 'will fade'; *píga- 'lessen, dwindle' (cf. Q píca- 'lessen, dwindle', PIK-)
aníron v. pres. 'I desire'; cf. aníra- 'to desire' (SD 129-31) + -on '1st sg: I, me'.
e pronoun 'he, she'.
broniatha v. fut. 'will endure'; *píga- 'lessen, dwindle' (cf. Q píca- 'lessen, dwindle', PIK-).
ad adv. 'again; back, re-'. According to David Salo it means here '(in) a second (other) (case)'.
ae conj. 'if'; reconstructed after Q ai-quen 'if anybody, whoever' (WJ:372). David Salo writes that ad ae in this phrase means 'although, even if'.
periatham v. fut. 'we will divide'; *peria- 'divide in middle, halve; separate, part (in half)"' (cf. Q perya- 'divide in middle, halve', PER-).
athar prep. 'beyond' (according to David Salo the attested form from Sauron Defeated athan is a misreading and should be athar).
methid n. 'ends; limits'; pl. of methed 'end'.
en-amar n. 'of the world'.
hen adv. 'this'; lenited form of *sen 'this'.
círatha v. fut. '[she] will sail'; [/b]*círa- 'sail' (cf. Quenya círa-)[/b]
na Valannor n. 'to Valinor'; Valannor is a lenited form of Balannor 'Valinor'. Vincente Velasco writes: "That word may be fine during the time of the Etymologies, but in the fifties, Tolkien had ceased using that word, and substituted it with Dor-Rodyn. IMHO, Balannor is most probably a Sindarized (i.e., by the Noldor) form of Valinor. The Sindar knew about this land, but referred to it as Dor-Rodyn."
nadath n. coll. 'things, *many, *much' (?); cf. nad 'thing' (LR 374).
nâ v. pres. '[it] is'; cf. no 'be', imperative of *na- 'to be' (VT#44, 21).
i moe v. pres. impersonal 'what is necessary (to), what one needs (to)': David Salo's reconstruction based on the Noldorin bui (see Etymologies and Elfling message no 15743). The form i moe may come from lenition of boe after the pronoun i 'what'. The form boe < OS *mbauia < CE *mbawya (MBAW- LR 372).
cerich v. pres. '[you] do'; cf. car- 'do' (WJ 371).
dan prep. 'but'.
ú-'eveditham v. fut. 'we will not meet'; cf. *govad- 'meet', pp. govannen 'met' in mae govannen 'well met'.

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33. Elrond's Farewell [not included in the movie]

It occurred in the LOTR 2002 Daily Calendar. Elrond on the Company's departure from Rivendell. First known movie phrase in Quenya.



Elrond: Nai tiruvantel ar varyuvantel i Valar tielyanna nu vilya.

Elrond: 'May the Valar protect you on your path under the sky.'



nai n. 'be it that'.

tiruvantel v. 'they will guard you'; tir- 'watch, watch over, guard, heed'.

ar conj. 'and'.

varyuvantel v. 'they will protect you'; varya- 'protect'.

i Valar n. 'the Powers, the Valar'.

tielyanna n. 'upon your path'.

nu prep. 'under'.



34. Saruman's Weather Spell. [The Fellowship of the Ring]

SARUMAN: Cuiva nwalca Carnirassë! Nai yarvaxëa rasselya taltuva ñotto-carinnar!

SARUMAN: 'Wake up cruel Redhorn! May your blood-stained horn shall fall upon the enemy-heads' [no subtitles given]

cuiva v. imper. 'wake up'; *cuiva- 'wake up'.
nwalca adj. 'cruel'.
Carnirassë n. '= Sindarin Caradhras, English Redhorn'.
nai v. 'may it be'.
yarvaxëa adj. 'blood-stained'; yár 'blood' + *vaxëa 'stained' < vaxë 'stain'.
rasselya n. 'your horn'; rassë 'horn' + -lya 'your'.
taltuva v. fut. '[it] will fall'; cf. talta- 'slip, slide down, collapse, slope'.
ñotto-carinnar n 'upon enemy-heads'; cf. *ñotto-cár 'enemy-head' from *ñotto 'enemy' (ÑGOTH-) and cár 'head' (KAS-).
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35. Gandalf's Moria Gate Spell. [The Fellowship of the Ring]

Words of Gandalf before the Moria Gate. Not translated in the movie.



Gandalf: Ando Eldarinwa a lasta quettanya, Fenda Casarinwa!



Gandalf: 'Gate of Elves listen to my word, Threshold of Dwarves!'

ando n. 'gate, door'.

eldarinwa adj. 'Elvish'.

a lasta v. imper. 'listen!'.

quettanya n. 'my word'; cf. quetta 'word'.

fenda n. 'threshold'.

casarinwa adj. 'Dwarvish, of Dwarves'.

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36. Galadriel's Farewell. [The Fellowship of the Ring]

In the Sindarin dialog of Galadriel and Aragorn we can hear these Quenya greeting:



Galadriel: Namárie!

Galadriel: 'Farewell!'

namárie interj. 'farewell; be in goodness'.

39. Gimli's Words [FotR DVD extended version]




Gimli: Ishkhaqwi ai durugnul.

Gimli: 'I spit upon your grave'


ishkhaqwi 'I spit'.

ai prep. 'upon', reduced form of aya (WR:20)

durugnul 'your grave'.

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40. Ringwraith's Cry.

In the Weathertop scene, when the Nazgul lord approaches Frodo and Frodo takes out the Ring, the Nazgul lord, upon seeing it, exclaims:



Ringwraith: Gû kîbum kelkum-ishi, burzum-ishi. Akha - gûm-ishi ashi gurum.

Ringwraith: 'There-is-no life in-the-cold, in-the-dark. Here - in-the-void only death.

gû adj. ‘no’; may be from the Elvish stem UGU.

kîbum n. ‘life’.

kelkum n. ‘coldness’; may be from Elvish stem KHEL-EK and Black Speech –um, ‘-ness’.

burzum n. ‘darkness’; Black Speech term.

-ishi prep. ‘in’; from Black Speech burzum-ishi, ‘in [the] darkness’.

akha pron. ‘here’; related to makha above.

gûm n. ‘the Void’; incorporates Elvish stem KUM.

ashi adj. ‘only’; incorporating Black Speech ash, ‘one’, and a definite article –i?

gurum n. ‘death’; may be related to Elvish stem ÑGUR1.

1. Ring Verse. [FotR DVD extended version]

In the FotR DVD extended edition Gandalf is uttering this Black Speech verse during the Council of Elrond.


Gandalf:Ash nazg durbatulûk, ash nazg gimbatul,
ash nazg thrakatulûk agh burzum-ishi krimpatul.

Gandalf:One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them,
One Ring to bring them all and in the Darkness bind them.'

ash 'one'.

nazg 'ring'.

durbatulûk 'to-rule-them-all'.

gimbatul 'to-find-them'.

thrakatulûk 'to-bring-them-all'.

agh 'and'.

burzum-ishi 'darkness-in'.

krimpatul 'to-bind-them'.

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[ladyarwen]

TTT

19. Legolas' Grief [The Two Towers]

Aragorn, Legolas and Gimli are tracking Merry and Pippin on the plains of Rohan. When they come upon the mound of burned corpses of orcs Legolas says these words in Sindarin (which are not subtitled). He thinks the Hobbits are dead under the pyre of the orcs.



LEGOLAS: Hiro hyn hîdh ab 'wanath.

LEGOLAS: '[Let] find they [masc.] peace after death' [?] [no subtitle is given]

hiro v. imper. 'find'; cf. Q hir- 'find' < *KHIR-.
hyn pron. masc. 'they'; pl of hon 'he'.
hîdh n. 'peace'; lenited form of sîdh 'peace' (LR 385).
ab prep. 'after'; cf. Abonnen 'After-born' (WJ 387).
'wanath n. 'death'; lenited form of gwanath 'death (act of dying, not death as a state or abstract) (LR 395).
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20. Before Meeting Gandalf [The Two Towers]

Aragorn, Legolas and Gimli are in the forest of Fangorn. They are conversing about a person following them.

Legolas: Aragorn, nad no ennas!
Aragorn: Man cenich?


Legolas: 'Something's out there!' [lit. ' thing to be there!']
Aragorn: 'What do you see?'


nad n. 'thing; *something'.

no v. inf. 'to be' or 'is'; cf. no 'be!' (VT#44, 21) from *na- 'to be'. Its infinitive form is in accordance with The Etymologies: *no. According to a Tolkien scholar Helge K. Fauskanger: no is probably meant to correspond to Quenya ná 'is'; the cognate could be *naw 'is', but unaccented (as the copula normally is), it would become *no. I don't think this is intended to be related to the Noldorin infinitives in -o."

ennas prep. 'there, in that place'.

man pron. 'what'.

cenich v. pres. '[you] see'; cf. cen- 'see'.
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21. Dreaming About Arwen I [The Two Towers Extended Edition]

In a flashback scene seen by Aragorn on his way from Edoras Arwen and Aragorn talk to each other.

ARWEN: Nach gwannatha sin?
ARWEN: Ma nathach hi gwannathach or minuial archened?
ARAGORN: Ú-ethelithon.
ARWEN: Estelio guru lîn ne dagor. Ethelithach.
ARAGORN: Ú-bedin o gurth ne dagor.
ARWEN: O man pedich?

ARWEN: 'Is this how you would take your leave?' [lit. 'Are you going to leave in such way?']
ARWEN: 'Did you think you could slip away at first light - unnoticed?' [lit. 'Are you going to leave after morrow - unseen?']
ARAGORN: 'I will not be coming back.' [lit. 'I will not return.']
ARWEN: 'You underestimate your skill in battle... You will come back.' [lit. 'Trust in your skill in battle. You will return.']
ARAGORN: It is not of death in battle that I speak. [lit. 'I don't speak about death in battle.']
ARWEN: 'What do you speak of?' [lit. 'About what you speak?']

nach v. pres. 'you are' (in the function of English Are you going to...?).
gwannatha v. fut. 'to depart (fut.)'; cf. gwanna- 'to depart, to die' (LR 397).
sin adv. 'such; in this way'.
ma interrogative article
nathach v. pres. 'you will be' (in the function of English Are you going to...?).
hi adv. 'now'; hi is a lenited form of si 'now'.
gwannathach v. fut. 'you will depart'; cf. gwanna- 'to depart, to die' (LR 397).
or prep. 'above; over; *after'.
minuial n. 'morrowdim, the time near dawn, when the star fade'.
archened adj. 'unseen'; ar-cened 'without seeing'; cf. arnoidiad 'without reconning'.
ú adv. 'not'.
ethelithon v. fut. 'I will return'; *ethol- 'return' (< *et-tol- 'back come'; TUL- 'come').
estelio v. imper. 'trust!'; a reconstructed verb *estelia- 'to trust'; cf. Estel 'hope, trust'.
guru n. 'skill'; lenited form of curu 'craft, skill' (LR 366).
lîn pron. 'your'.
ne, ned prep. 'in, at'.
dagor n. 'battle'.
ethelithach v. fut. 'you will return'; *ethol- 'return' (< *et-tol- 'back come'; TUL- 'come').
bedin v. pret. 'I say'; bedin is a lenited form of pedin 'I say'; cf. pedo 'say!' from *ped- 'speak, say'.
o prep. 'about, concerning'.
gurth n. 'death'.
man pron. 'what'.

22. Dreaming About Arwen II [The Two Towers]

In a flashback scene seen by Aragorn on his way from Edoras Arwen and Aragorn talk to each other, Arwen is encouraging Aragorn to go along with Frodo.

ARAGORN: Minlû pedich nin i aur hen telitha.
ARWEN: Ú i vethed nâ i onnad. Boe bedich go Frodo. Han bâd lîn.
ARAGORN: Dolen i vâd o nin.
ARWEN: Si peliannen i vâd na dail lîn. Si boe ú-dhannathach.
ARAGORN: Arwen.
ARWEN: Ae ú-esteliach nad, estelio han, estelio ammen.

...ARAGORN: Edra le men, men na guil edwen, haer o auth a nîr a naeth.

ARAGORN: 'You told me once... this day would come.' [lit. 'Once you told me [that] the day this will-come.']
ARWEN: 'This is not the end... it is the beginning. You must go with Frodo. This is your path.' [lit. 'Not the end... [it] is the beginning. It is necessary [that] you go with Frodo. It [is] your path.']
ARAGORN: 'My path is hidden from me' [lit. 'Hidden the path from me']
ARWEN: 'It is already laid before your feet. You cannot falter now.' [lit. 'Now spread the way for your feet. Now it-is-necessary [that] you-don't-fall']
ARAGORN: Arwen.
ARWEN: 'If you trust nothing else... trust this... trust us.' [lit. 'If you don't-trust some-thing [?], trust [in] this. Trust [in] us.']
...
ARAGORN: 'You have a chance for another life, away from war... grief... despair.' [lit. '[It] opens [to] you path, path to life second [here: another], far from war and weeping and woe']
minlû adv. 'once'; lit. 'one-time' < min 'one' + lû 'time, occasion'.
pedich v. pret. 'you said'; cf. pedo 'say!' from *ped- 'speak, say' + -ch according to D. Salo 2nd sg. 'you'. According to the verbal system reconstructed by D. Salo (see here) the preterite 2nd sg. form of the verb ped- is pennich, and not pedich (which in fact is in present tense). Is it a mistake of Salo? We hope the author will answer this question.
nin pron. 'me'.
i article 'the'.
aur n. 'the day'.
nîn pron. 'my'.
telitha v. fut. '[it] will come'; cf. tol- 'come'.
ú adv. 'not'.
vethed n. 'end'; lenited form of methed 'end' (UT 452).
nâ v. pres. '[it] is'; cf. no 'be!' (VT#44, 21) from *na- 'to be'.
onnad n. & gerund 'beginning'; cf. *onna- 'to beget'.
boe v. pres. impersonal 'it is necessary (to), one needs (to)': David Salo's reconstruction based on the Noldorin bui (see Etymologies and Elfling message).
bedich v. pres. 'you go'; cf. *bad- 'go' (BAT- 'tread') + -ch according to D. Salo 2nd sg. 'you'.
go prep. 'with'; cf. gwa- 'together with'.
han pron. 'it'.
bâd n. 'pathway'.
lîn pron. 'your'.
dolen adj. 'hidden'; in fact it is p.p. of the verb doltha- 'to conceal' (LR 355).
vâd n. 'pathway'; lenited form of bâd (see above).
o prep. 'from'.
si adv. 'now'.
peliannen pp. 'spread'; cf. pelia- 'to spread' (LR 380).
na prep. 'to, towards, at'.
dail n. 'feet'; lenited form of tail 'feet', pl. of tal 'foot'.
dhannathach v. fut. 'you will fall'; lenited form of dannathach; cf. danna- 'to fall' (LR 354).
ae conj. 'if'; reconstructed after Q ai-quen 'if anybody, whoever' (WJ:372).
esteliach v. pres 'you trust'; a reconstructed verb *estelia- 'to trust'; cf. estel 'hope, trust'.
estelio v. imper. 'trust'; see above.
nad n. 'thing; *something'.
ammen pron. 'us'.
edra v. pres. '[it] is open'; cf. edra- 'open'.
le pron. '[to] you'.
men n. 'road'.
guil n. 'life'; guil is a lenited form of cuil 'life' (LR 366).
edwen adj. 'second, *another'.
haer adj. 'far'; cf. hared 'remote distance'.
auth n. 'war, battle'.
a conj. 'and'.
nîr n. 'tear, weeping'.
naeth n. 'woe'.
nad n. 'thing; *something'.
ammen pron. 'us'.
edra v. pres. '[it] is open'; cf. edra- 'open'.
le pron. '[to] you'.
men n. 'road'.
guil n. 'life'; guil is a lenited form of cuil 'life' (LR 366).
edwen adj. 'second, *another'.
haer adj. 'far'; cf. hared 'remote distance'.
auth n. 'war, battle'.
a conj. 'and'.
nîr n. 'tear, weeping'.
naeth n. 'woe'.
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23. Elrond and Arwen [The Two Towers]

A talk between Elrond and his daughter Arwen in Imladris.

ELROND: Tollen i lû. I chair gwannar na Valannor. Si bado, no círar.
...
ELROND: Ah im, ú-'erin veleth lîn?
ARWEN: Gerich veleth nîn, ada.

ELROND: 'The ships are leaving for Valinor. Go now, before it is too late.' [lit. 'Come [is] the time. The ships depart to Balannor (Valinor). Now go, before they sail.']
...
ELROND: 'Do I not also have your love?' [lit. 'And I, don't-I-have love your?']
ARWEN: 'You have my love, father.' [lit. 'You-have love my, dad.']
tollen v. pp. 'come'; cf. tol- 'come'.
i lû n. 'the time'.
chair n. 'ships'; nasal mutation of cair 'ship' (sg. & pl.). Helge Fauskanger wrote about this word: "the ships should be i chîr, not i chair. Cair 'ship' belongs to the group of nouns in ai that have plural forms in î. The plural cîr occurs in the names Círdan 'Maker of Ships' and (in shortened and lenited form -gir) in Pelargir 'Garth of Royal Ships'. Of course, the nasal mutation and the plural verb show that i chair is meant to be a plural form (since the singular 'the ship departs' would be i gair gwannawith soft mutation and a singular verb). Therefore, the sentence is still intelligible. Well, let us imagine that Elrond, though he tries to appear calm, is actually desperately trying to persuade Arwen to come with him to Valinor. His little grammatical error gives away his inner turmoil...".
gwannar v. pres. '[they] depart'; cf. gwanna- 'to depart, to die' (LR 397).
na Valannor n. 'to Valinor'; Valannor is a lenited form of Balannor 'Valinor'. Vincente Velasco writes: "That word may be fine during the time of the Etymologies, but in the fifties, Tolkien had ceased using that word, and substituted it with Dor-Rodyn. IMHO, Balannor is most probably a Sindarized (i.e., by the Noldor) form of Valinor. The Sindar knew about this land, but referred to it as Dor-Rodyn."
si adv. 'now'.
bado v. imper. 'go'; cf. *bad- 'go'.
no prep. 'before'; cf. no 'under, *before'.
círar v. pres. '[they] sail'; *cír- 'to sail'.
ah conj. 'and'; D. Salo uses this form in place of a 'and' before a word beginning with vowel.
im pron. 'I'.
ú adv. 'not'.
'erin v. pres. 'I have'; lenited form of gerin 'I have'.
veleth n. 'love'; lenited form of meleth 'love'.
lîn pron. 'your'.
nîn pron. 'my'.
gerich v. pres. 'you have'; cf. gar- 'to hold, have' (LR 360) + -ch according to D. Salo 2nd sg. 'you'.
ada n. 'father, daddy (hypocoristic) (LR 349)'.
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[ladyarwen]

24. Arwen's Departure [The Two Towers]
Following Arwen's departure from Rivendell, the previously heard words of Galadriel are heard.

Galadriel: I amar prestar aen, han mathon ne nen, han mathon ne chae a han noston ned 'wilith.
Galadriel: 'The world is changed; I can feel it in the water, I can feel it in the earth, I can smell it in the air.'
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25. Aragorn and Brego [The Two Towers]
Aragorn during their first meeting and during thanking Brego for saving Aragorn's life.

Aragorn [to Brego]: Man le trasta, Brego. Man cenich?
Aragorn [to Brego]: 'What troubles you, Brego? What did you see.' [no subtitle given]

man pron. 'what'.
le pron. '[to] you'.
trasta, v. 'troubles'; cf. trasta- 'harass, trouble' (LR 391).
cenich v. pres. '[you] see'; cf. cen- 'see'.
mae adv. 'well'.
carnen pp. 'done'; cf. car- 'do, make'.
mellon n. 'friend'.
nîn pron. 'my'.
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26. Before the Battle of Helm's Deep [in The Two Towers]
Aragorn arrives, and is confronted by Legolas:

Legolas [to Aragorn]: Le abdollen.
Legolas [to Aragorn]: 'You're late.' [lit. 'You [are] after-come']
....
Aragorn [to Legolas]: Hannon le.
Aragorn [to Legolas]: 'Thank you.' [no subtitle given]
....

Legolas: Boe a hyn neled herain dan caer menig.
Aragorn: Si, beriathar hyn ammaeg na ned Edoras.
Legolas: Aragorn, nedin dagor hen ú-'erir ortheri. Natha daged dhaer.
Legolas: 'And they should be... three hundred against ten thousand.' [lit. 'It is necessary to them: [there are] 300 [of us], against 10,000 [of them]'
Aragorn: 'They have more hope of defending themselves here than at Edoras.' [lit. 'Here they-will-defend them[-selves] sharper than at Edoras.']
Legolas: 'They cannot win this fight. They are all going to die!' [lit. Aragorn, in the battle this [they] not can to-win. [It] will be slaying great.]
...
Later, Aragorn dresses, Legolas appears, and Aragorn says a line in Sindarin after Legolas apologizes him for despairing before:

Aragorn: Ú-moe edaved, Legolas
Aragorn: 'There is nothing to forgive'
le pron. 'you'.
abdollen adj. & pp. 'late'; lit. 'later-come' < ab- 'after; later' (WJ 387) + dollen 'come' (pp.).
hannon v. pres. 'I thank'; *hanna- 'thank'; cf. Q *hanta- 'thank' < hantale 'thanksgiving', KHAN- 'understand, comprehend'.
boe v. pres. impersonal 'it is necessary (to), one needs (to)': David Salo's reconstruction based on the Noldorin bui (see Etymologies and Elfling message).
a prep. 'to, towards, for'; an before mutated consonant becomes a.
hyn pron. masc. 'they'; pl of hon 'he'.
neled num. 'three'.
herain num. 'hundreds'; pl. of *haran 'hundred', which according to D. Salo is a word occurring in Q haranye 'last year of a century in the Númenórean calendar' (LotR Appendix D) < *KHARAN- 'hundred'.
dan adv. 'against'.
caer num. 'ten'; In a late Tolkien's paper we find another form of Sindarin 'ten' - pae (VT #42, p. 25).
menig num. 'thousands'; pl. of meneg 'thousand' found in Sindarin Menegroth 'Thousand Caves'.
si adv. 'now'.
beriathar v. fut. '[they] will protect'; cf. beria- 'protect' (LR 351).
hyn pron. masc. 'they; them [here: themselves]'; pl of hon 'he'.
ammaeg adj. 'sharper'; comparative form of maeg 'sharp, piercing, penetrating, going deep in something' (S 434, WJ 337).
na prep. 'to, towards; *than'.
ned prep. 'in, at'.
nedin prep. 'in the'; cf. ned 'in, at' + i(n) 'the'.
dagor n. 'battle'.
hen adj. 'this'; lenited form of sen 'this'.
ned prep. 'in, at'.
ú adv. 'not'.
'erir v. pres. 'they can'; lenited form of gerir 'they have; they can'. D. Salo uses the verb gar- both for 'to have' and 'can' (see here).
ortheri v. inf. 'to win'; cf. orthor- 'master, conquer; *win'.
natha v. fut. '[it] will be'; cf. no 'be!' (VT#44, 21) from *na- 'to be'. Its future form can be *natha.
daged gerund. 'slaying, killing'; cf. dag- 'slay'.
dhaer adj. 'great'; lenited form of daer 'great'.
moe v. pres. impersonal '[it] is necessary (to), what one needs (to)': David Salo's reconstruction based on the Noldorin bui (see Etymologies and Elfling message no 15743). The form moe may come from lenition of boe after the particle ú- 'not'. The form boe < OS *mbauia < CE *mbawya (MBAW- LR 372).
edaved gerund. 'forgiving'; the etymology is unclear: it may come from *ed-daved 'out-granting. Gerundial form *daved is a derivative of *dav- 'yield, allow, grant', which is David Salo's reconstruction: cf. Quenya lav- 'yield, allow, grant' and Sindarin dâf 'permission' (both forms come from CE stem DAB- 'give way, make room, permit, allow' (LR 353).
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27. Haldir's Arrival [The Two Towers]
Haldir arrives to Helm's Deep.

Aragorn [to haldir]: Mae govannen, Haldir.
Aragorn [to haldir]: 'Welcome, Haldir.'
mae govannen 'welcome; lit. well-met'.
hear



28. Battle Commands and Warnings [The Two Towers]
Several Sindarin phrases used during the Battle of Helm's Deep.

Aragorn [to army]: A Eruchîn, ú-dano i faelas a hyn an uben tanatha le faelas.
Aragorn [to army]: '... [?]. Show them no mercy, for you shall receive none.' [lit. 'O Children-of-Eru, don't show the mercy to them, for nobody will-show you mercy.']
...
soundfile here

Aragorn [to army]: Tangado a chadad!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Prepare to fire'
sound file here
Legolas [to Aragorn ]: Faeg i-varv dîn na lanc a nu ranc!
Legolas [to Aragorn ]: 'Their armour is weak at the neck... and beneath the arm.' [lit. 'Poor armour their below the neck and under arm!'
...
sound file here
Aragorn [to army]: Dartho!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Hold!'
...
sound file here
Aragorn [to army]: Hado i philinn!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Release arrows!'
sound file here
Aragorn [to army]:Pendraith!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Ladders!' [lit. 'Stairways!']
sound file here
Aragorn [to army]: Na fennas!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Causeway!' [lit. 'To gateway']
Aragorn [to army]: Hado ribed!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Hurl to flow!' [no subtitle given]
Aragorn [to army]: Hado!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Hurl!' [no subtitle given]
sound file here
Aragorn [to Legolas]: Togo hon dad, Legolas! Dago hon!
Aragorn [to Legolas]: 'Bring him down, Legolas!' [lit. 'Bring him down, Legolas! Kill him!']
Aragorn [to army]: Herio!
Aragorn [to army]: 'Charge!' (or 'Begin!')
Aragorn [to army]: Nan barad!
Aragorn [to army]: 'To the Keep! [lit. To [the] Tower!']
sound file here
a interj. 'O!'.
Eruchîn n. 'Children of Eru'; both Elves and Men as in Lúthien's Song in LB 354.
ú adv. 'not'.
dano v. imper. 'show'; lenited form of *tano, imperative of *tan- 'show' < *TA-N- 'show, indicate'.
i article 'the'.
faelas n. 'mercy'; it can be derived from CE *phajlasê 'state of generosity; mercy'; cf. S fael 'fair-minded, just, generous'.
a prep. 'to, towards, for'; an before mutated consonant becomes a.
hyn pron. masc. 'they; them [here: themselves]'; pl of hon 'he'.
an prep. 'for; *because'; it is a typical Anglicism of using a preposition 'for' as a conjuctive 'for, because'.
uben n. 'nobody'; it can be derived from u- 'negative suffix' and pen 'one, somebody' (like in ubed 'denial' from u-ped 'negative saying').
tanatha v. fut. '[it] will show'; see dano above.
le pron. 'you'.
tangado v. imper. 'make firm, establish!'; *tangada- 'to make firm' (LR 389)
chadad gerund 'hurling'; lenited form of hadad, gerund of had- 'to hurl' (LR 363).
faeg adj. 'mean, poor, bad, *weak'.
varv n. 'armour'; lenited form of *barv, which can be derived from CE *barmâ 'something which protects' (stem BAR- 'raise, protect'; cf. beria- 'protect'). Helge K. Fauskanger wrote: "It should be noticed that the normal Sindarin spelling would be barf (lenited varf), but perhaps David Salo used the more phonetic spelling so that the word would not be mispronounced (since only the especially interested know that final -f is to be pronounced [v] in Sindarin)."
dîn pron. 'his/her; *their'; lenited form of tîn.
na prep. 'to, towards, at'.
lanc n. 'throat' (LR 367).
a conj. 'and'.
nu prep. 'under'.
ranc n. 'arm' (LR 382)
hado v. imper. 'hurl!', imperative of had- 'to hurl' (LR 363).
i philinn n. 'the arrows'; nasal mutation of pilinn, sg. pilinn; cf. Q pilin 'arrow'.
pendraith n. 'ladders'; pl. of *pendrath 'passage up or down slope, stairway; *ladder' (LR 380).
fennas n. 'gateway, doorway'.
ribed gerund 'rushing, flinging, flying'.
togo dad v. imper. 'bring down'; another D. Salo's Anglicism (cf. havo dad 'sit down'): togo is imperative of tog- 'lead, bring' and dad is preposition 'down'.
hon pron. masc. 'he'.
dago v. imper. 'kill'; imperative of dag- 'slay'.
herio v. imper. 'begin; *charge'; imperative of heria- 'to begin suddenly and vigorously'.
barad n. 'tower, fortress; *keep'.



42. Sauron's Army Cry. [The Two Towers]
From Jude Fisher's The Two Towers - Visual Companion (October 2002). Its fragment occur in a film clip about editing the soundtrack in the movie, where Peter Jackson is
directing a whole football stadium to say in unison.

Orcs:Za dashu snaku Zigur, Durbgu nazgshu, Durbgu dashshu!
Orcs:'Hail, Sauron, Lord [of the] Ring, Lord [of the] Earth'

za dashu snaku 'hail; be greeted'; etymology uncertain.
Zigur 'Sauron'; < Adunaic Zigûr 'Wizard; Sauron'.
durbgu 'lord'; < Black Speech *durb- 'rule' (cf. durbatuluk 'to rule them all') + *-gu agentival/personalising ending. In The Two Towers - Visual Companion we have the form **durgbu which is probably incorrect, since in a film clip about editing the soundtrack the screen shows it being spelt DURBGOO (the note comes from Chris Lipscombe).
nazgshu '[of the] Ring'; < Black Speech nazg 'ring' + *-shu 'of the'?
dashshu '[of the] Earth'; < Black Speech *dash 'earth' + *-shu 'of the'?



44. Aragorn and Brego. [The Two Towers Extended Edition?]
The first information about this phrase came from Jude Fisher's The Two Towers - Visual Companion (October 2002). The transcription of the rest of this scene comes from Tsukusu Jinn Ito (Japan) and R. Derdzinski.
Aragorn [to brego]: Fæste, stille nú, fæste, stille nú. Lac is drefed, gefrægon.
Aragorn: Hwæt nemnað ðe?
Aragorn: Brego? Ðin nama is cynglic.
Aragorn: Man le trasta, Brego?
Aragorn: Man cenich?

Aragorn [to brego]: 'Fast, [be] quiet now, fast, [be] quiet now. A battle is stirred up, [they] heard.'
Aragorn: 'What is your name?'
Aragorn: 'Brego? Your name is kingly.
Aragorn: 'What troubles you, Brego?'
Aragorn: 'What did you see?'
fæste 'fast'.
stille 'still; calm, quiet, gentle'.
nú 'now'.
lac 'battle'.
is 'is'.
drefed 'stirred up'.
gefrægon '[they] heard' [?].
hwæt 'what'.
nemnað '[they] name'.
ðe 'you'.
ðin 'your (thine)'.
nama 'name'.
cynglic 'kingly'.

45. Gandalf on Théodred's grave. [The Two Towers]
Ending the scene at Théodred's grave, Gandalf stands a bit further away from mourning Théoden and utters the words:

Gandalf: Westu hál. Ferðu, Théodred, Ferðu.
Gandalf: 'Be-thou well. Go-thou, Théodred, go-thou.'
sound file here

46. Battle cry. [The Two Towers]
Just before riding out through the enemy for the last confrontation (Aragorn and Théoden and the men against the overwhelming Orcs, before Gandalf arrives with the reinforcements), a Rohir cries out the words:

Rohir:Forð Eorlingas!
Rohir: 'Forth Eorlingas!'
sound file here

[ladyarwen]

ROTK


29. Elrond and Aragorn [The Return of the King]
Elrond meets Aragorn in Thoedens tent to bring him the reforged sword. Words by J.R.R. Tolkien in the so called Gilrain's Linnod (LR III, App. A)


Elrond: Ónen i-Estel Edain.
Aragorn: Ú-chebin Estel anim.

Elrond: 'I gave Hope to the Dúnedain'.
Aragorn: 'I have kept no hope for myself'.
ónen v. pret. 'I gave'.
i Estel n. 'the Hope'.
Edain n. pl. 'Men', pl. of Adan 'man'.
ú-chebin v. pret. 'I keep; I have kept'; chebin is the lenited form of *hebin.
anim pron. 'for myself'; from an-im 'for-me'.
sound download

30. Aragorn's Thanks [The Return of the King]
When all battles are fought and Aragorn in crowned King of Gondor he goes up to Legolas, lays his hand upon Legolas' shoulder and says:

Aragorn [to Legolas]: Hannon le.
Aragorn [to Legolas]: 'Thank you.'
hannon v. pres. 'I thank'; *hanna- 'thank'; cf. Q *hanta- 'thank' < hantale 'thanksgiving', KHAN- 'understand, comprehend'.
le pron. 'you'.
downaload sond file

31. Elrond's Lament [The Return of the King]

Elrond: I Aear cân ven na mar.
Elrond: 'The Sea calls us home' [the subtitle is given]
i aear n. 'the sea'.
cân v. pres. 'calls'; cf. S can- 'cry out, shout, call' (PM 361-2)
ven pron. 'to us'; lenited form of men; cf. S ammen 'to us' < an-men.
na mar n. 'home (lit. to home)'; mar is lenited form of bar (< *mbar).
download sound file

32. Arwen's Farewell [The Return of the King Extended Edition?]
First information came in an elfling message from Harri Perälä. Probably Arwen's words to dying Aragorn; cf. Arwen's 'Would you then, lord, before your time leave your people that live by your word?' (Appendix A in The Return of the King).
Arwen: Law, hîr nín, ú dollen i Rîw. Anírach, nui lû, gwannad uin gwaith lín?
Arwen: 'No, my lord, the winter hasn't come. Do you wish, before the time, to leave your people?'
law adv 'no, indeed not'; cf. Quenya lá, lau, laumë; LA-, UGU-.
hîr n. 'lord'.
nín pron. 'my'.
ú dollen v. pret. 'hasn't come'.
i Rîw n. 'the winter'; lenited form of Rhîw.[anírach v. pres. 'you wish'; cf. agorech 'you did'
nui prep. 'before the'; no 'under, *before' + i 'the'
lû n. 'time'
gwannad inf. 'to depart, to leave'
uin prep. 'from the'
gwaith n. 'people'
lín pron. 'your'



37. Frodo's Invocation [The Return of the King]
As Frodo holds aloft Galadriel's phial in Shelob's Lair he shouts the well known:

Frodo: Aiya Eärendil Elenion Ancalima!
Frodo: 'Hail Eärendil brightest of the Stars!'
aiya inter. 'behold, hail'.
Eärendil name. 'Sea-lover'.
elenion n. 'of the stars'.
ancalima adj. 'exceedingly bright'.
doanload soundfile



43. The Orc Cry.
At the Black Gate the orcs are reciting:
The orc Army: Ash nazg durbatulûk...
The orc Army: 'One Ring to-rule-them-all...'



47. Éowyn's Toast.
When Éowyn passes the cup to Aragorn at Edoras she says:
Éowyn: Westu Aragorn hál!
Éowyn: 'Be-thou Aragorn well!'

48. Battle Song.
The first information about this phrase came from Jude Fisher's The Return of the King - Visual Companion (November 2003). This text comes from Old English The Battle of Maldon.
The rohirrim (?): Hige sceal þe heardra, heorte þe cenre,
mod sceal þe mare þe ure maegen lytlað.
The rohirrim (?): 'Will shall be the sterner, heart the bolder,
spirit the greater as our strength lessens.'